Rise and Grind: |
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct characteristics. ADHD includes symptoms of hyperactivity, while ADD primarily manifests as inattention. Both can impact daily functioning and require proper diagnosis and treatment. |
Unraveling the ADHD Tapestry: ADD vs. ADHD
Don’t worry, it’s not anything new. It’s just an old, outdated term for the inattentive subtype.
- The history and timeline of how and when attention deficit disorder (ADD) evolved to become ADHD.
- How we understand ADHD today compared to in the past.
- What we can expect in the future in terms of knowledge and understanding of ADHD.
The Evolution from ADD to ADHD
1968: The DSM-II
1980: The DSM-III
1987: The DSM-III-R
1994: The DSM-IV
- ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type
- ADHD Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
- ADHD Combined Type
2013: The DSM-5
ADD vs Predominantly Inattentive Type ADHD
- Often makes careless mistakes
- Has trouble paying attention and focusing
- Doesn’t seem to listen in conversation
- Difficulty following instructions
- Struggles with organization
- Avoids tasks that require sustained mental effort
- Forgetful and loses things frequently
- Gets easily distracted
Diagnosing ADHD Today: Where Are We Now?
1. Comprehensive Clinical Evaluations
2. Recognition of ADHD in Adults
3. Criteria Adaptation
- Changing the age of onset symptoms to before 12 years (previously seven).
- Recognizing that symptoms can manifest differently depending on the individual's age.
- Allowing for ADHD diagnosis in the presence of other mental health conditions, including comorbidities.
4. Use of Rating Scales
5. Emphasis on Impairment
6. Neuroimaging and Biomarkers
7. Awareness and Education
The Path Ahead
Key Takeaways
- ADHD has evolved from 'Hyperkinetic Reaction of Childhood' (1968) to ADD (1980) and finally to ADHD (1987) to reflect advancements in understanding the complexity and diversity of symptoms associated with the disorder.
- Today, there’s a focus on comprehensive clinical evaluations for accurate diagnosis, considering symptoms, childhood history, and daily challenges.
- There’s now greater recognition of ADHD in adults, acknowledging lifelong patterns of behavior and how symptoms manifest in different life stages.
- Updated criteria in the DSM-5 now allow for a broader age range of symptom onset and consideration of comorbid mental health conditions.
- We all need to continue to increase awareness and education about ADHD to help break down myths, misconceptions, and stereotypes and encourage more individuals to seek diagnosis and support.
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